Use of sunscreen and risk of melanoma and non-melanoma skin cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
Eur J Dermatol. 2018 Apr 1;28(2):186-201. doi: 10.1684/ejd.2018.3251.
Silva ESD1, Tavares R2, Paulitsch FDS3, Zhang L4.
VitaminDWiki opinion: Possible reasons appear to include
- Sunscreen ingredients are no longer as good or opaque
- Not applying sunscreen as well or as often
- Not outdoor as much in the late afternoon when there is a righer risk of skin cancer
See also VitaminDWiki
- Widespread regular sunscreen application deemed not useful in the US – April 2018
- Sunscreen chemistry overview – 2015
- Recurrence of malignant melanoma may be reduced by 100,000 IU of vitamin D monthly – trial underway 2017
- Melanoma 25 X more likely if low vitamin D – Feb 2018
- UVA causes skin cancer, perhaps UVB (Vitamin D) prevents skin cancer – Jan 2017
- Vitamin D could be BETTER than sunscreen at reducing skin damage
- Sunscreen (SPF-30) slightly increased the vitamin D from UVB – RCT Jan 2019
Download the PDF from VitaminDWiki
The use of sunscreen is a key component of public health campaigns for skin cancer prevention, but epidemiological studies have raised doubts on its effectiveness in the general population. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to assess the association between risk of skin cancer and sunscreen use. We searched PubMed, BIREME and Google Scholar from inception to May 17, 2017, to identify observational studies and controlled trials. We used a random-effects model for conventional and cumulative meta-analyses. We included 29 studies (25 case-control, two cohort, one cross-sectional, and one controlled trial) involving 313,717 participants (10,670 cases). The overall meta-analysis did not show a significant association between skin cancer and sunscreen use (odds ratio (OR) = 1.08; 95% CI: 0.91-1.28, I2 = 89.4%). Neither melanoma (25 studies; 9,813 cases) nor non-melanoma skin cancer (five studies; 857 cases) were associated with sunscreen use, with a pooled OR (95% CI) of 1.10 (0.92-1.33) and 0.99 (0.62-1.57), respectively.
The cumulative evidence before the 1980s showed a relatively strong positive association between melanoma and sunscreen use (cumulative OR: 2.35; 95% CI: 1.66-3.33).
The strength of the association between risk of skin cancer and sunscreen use has constantly decreased since the early 1980s, and the association was no longer statistically significant from the early 1990s.
While the current evidence suggests no increased risk of skin cancer related to sunscreen use, this systematic review does not confirm the expected protective benefits of sunscreen against skin cancer in the general population.